Prekese or Tetrapleura Tetraplera is a native of West tropical Africa and belongs to the pea family. The plant’s fruits have a pungent aromatic odor and insect-repellent properties. It is primarily used as a spice. It is used as a medicinal plant mainly in Nigeria and other African countries. Some of the top diseases for which it is used medicinally are inflammation, convulsions, skin ailments like leprosy, and rheumatoid pains. Uyayak, Edeminang, Osakirisa, Osho, Dawo, Ojewole, and Adewunmi are other names of Prekese.
Prekese is a rich source of antioxidants with a high concentration of vitamins, minerals, and phytochemicals. It also has anti-inflammatory properties. Its leaves, bark, and, above all, fruits contain medicinal properties.
Prekese has a rich history in traditional medicine. It is often used for its potential therapeutic benefits in managing conditions like diabetes and hypertension and helps in inflammation and feverish ailments. Its antioxidant and presumptive anti-inflammatory properties are getting recognition. However, research in these areas is still in progress.
Prekese in Traditional Medicine
| Region | Traditional Use |
|---|---|
| West Africa | Used in soups and stews for medicinal benefits |
| Ghana | Used in postpartum care for new mothers |
| Nigeria | Used to treat fever and inflammation |
| Sierra Leone | Utilized in traditional medicine to manage blood pressure |
| Ivory Coast | Incorporated in herbal mixtures for detoxification |
Let’s have a look at the Top 14 Health Benefits of Prekese
1. Wound Healing Properties
Wet fruit extract of the dry Prekese has excellent wound healing properties. Traditionally, the aqueous extract from the fruit is used for healing, which is also proven scientifically. However, the extract’s low concentration (200mg/ml) proved more efficient than when the high concentration (2000mg/ml) extract was consumed, as per the study at the University of Uyo. In another study, it was found that T. tetraptera therapy helps in the healing of dermal wounds. [1] This happens due to tensile strength improvement. It further states that prekese also helps in epithelialization and contraction.
Always use the low concentration fruit extract to heal wounds for the best effects.
2. Convulsion Management
In traditional medicine, an herbal mixture of ingredients, including stem, fruit, and leaves, positively treats convulsions. As per a study done at the University of KwaZulu-Natal it was found that aqueous extract of the fruit contains anticonvulsant properties. [2] It is also helpful for epilepsy patients in managing and controlling the condition. The fruit extract can slow down the nervous system.
3. Analgesic Properties
In the same study mentioned above, it was also found that Prekese contains analgesic solid properties. Due to this, the extract is often used to manage arthritis pain. It reduces inflammation in arthritis and rheumatism patients. As per a research, it was found that T. tetraptera fruit possesses analgesic and hypothermic actions. [3] This was possible by Aridanin, extracted from the fruit and tested on mice.
4. Fever & Enema
A person recovering from a medical condition is often asked to bathe in a water-soaked with whole fruit. This also gives fast relief from feverish conditions. Similar infusion also helps people suffering from constipation, enema, and emetic. The fruit is also helpful in easing the symptoms of malaria fever. [4]
The entire fruit of T. tetraptera is used to make a medicinal solution. This solution is used in bathing for patients recovering from illness as it reduces feverish symptoms. It also acts as a bowel cleanser, as it gives relief from constipation and induces vomiting. The soft parts of the fruit and the bark are beneficial for diabetes, inflammation, and rheumatic pain. [5]
5. Flavonoids & Phenolic Acids
Prekese is rich in flavonoids, which possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory benefits. These properties of the fruit help in the prevention of heart disease. Phenolic extract of the fruit was found to be beneficial in prevention and control of hyperuricemia. [6] This is due to its phenolic acids and flavonoid content.
In a study done in the University of Cape Coast, Ghana, it prekese was found to be rich in compounds like phenols, flavonoids, and more. [7] It has antioxidant properties where it can bind with metals, known as metal chelating. These findings support the traditional medicine use as a natural antioxidant.
6. Diabetes
As per a study done on rats, Tetrapleura tetraptera or Uyayak is very beneficial in controlling type 2 diabetes mellitus. [8] In the same paper, researchers also found that it helps reduce paw swelling. Prekese fruit extract helped lower blood glucose levels in fasting and nonfasting conditions. It is primarily used in South Western Nigeria to treat the disease in traditional Nigerian medicine.
7. Mosquito Repellant
The fruit has a strong smell, so it is often used as a mosquito repellant and is practical, too. This property is due to the presence of essential oils in it. In eastern parts of Nigeria, the fruit is used for its purgative and as an emetic behavior. [9]
8. Antimicrobial
Due to the antibacterial and antimicrobial properties of the prekese, the fruit extract is used in making soap. The soap does not only have medicinal benefits for the skin, but it also improves the hardness and the foaming.
Lin Lin and Kwabena Agyemang studied the antibacterial mechanism of Tetrapleura tetraptera extract. As per a study, prekese root extract kills harmful bacteria like E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus. It breaks the bacteria’s cell walls and messes up their energy-making process. More research can make it a new source of antibiotics. [10]
9. Postpartum Care
Edeminang pod is an additive in the soup for postpartum mothers to avoid contraction. These pods are rich in calcium, potassium, and iron, the three most essential ingredients for the postpartum woman. The soup also helps produce milk in new mothers and helps restore the lost blood.
Prekese fruits are used to treat postpartum contractions. This use is due to bioactive compounds like alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, phenols, and glycosides. These compounds help in easing postpartum contractions. In addition, the fruit also contains essential oils rich in carboxylic acids and terpenes. It has antioxidant activity, similar to vitamins and minerals like Vitamin C, E, Fe, and Zn. [11]
10. Gastrointestinal Disorders
Its use in gastrointestinal-related ailments is due to the presence of phytochemicals. The fruit extract helps cure problems like diarrhea, vomiting, or stomach pain. We have discussed the phytochemicals present in prekese in the point below.
Tetrapleura tetraptera extract contains high amounts of phenolic and flavonoid compounds. These compounds show antioxidant properties. A study was done where human gastric cells were used. The extract showed anti-inflammatory activities. It reduced inflammatory markers like interleukin-6 and -8, and NF-κB driven transcription. These findings cement that Tetrapleura tetraptera effectively treats gastrointestinal disorders by suppressing inflammation in gastric cells. [12]
11. High in Nutritional Value
Prekese is rich in phytochemicals that go a long way in keeping a person healthy. It is also rich in nutrients like –
| Nutrient | Amount per 100g |
|---|---|
| Calories | 62 |
| Carbohydrates | 13g |
| Protein | 2g |
| Fat | 1g |
| Fiber | 8g |
| Calcium | 22mg |
| Iron | 3mg |
| Magnesium | 98mg |
| Phosphorus | 60mg |
| Potassium | 450mg |
| Sodium | 9mg |
| Vitamin C | 14mg |
| Vitamin A | 7ug |
12. Good for Heart Health & Treatment of Cardiovascular System
Prekese is a dietary supplement shown to improve heart health by promoting the development of healthy blood vessels. In particular, it helps to reduce inflammation and atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries). Prekese is also known to increase endothelial function, which can be essential in protecting against cardiovascular disease. Prekese might help you decrease your risk for stroke, high cholesterol levels, coronary artery disease, and other cardiovascular problems. Aspirin-like compounds found in Prekese help reduce platelet aggregation, minimizing the likelihood of heart attacks or strokes.
13. Boosts Immune System
Prekese can boost the immune system in several different ways:
- Prekese is high in vitamin C, which helps to increase your body’s resistance to infections and fights against cancer cells.
- Prekese contains antioxidants that help protect your cells from damage and reduce inflammation. Prekese also has anti-inflammatory properties that can improve joint health and alleviate pain associated with arthritis or other conditions.
- Precision diets are high in fiber, which helps keep you feeling full longer and reduces the likelihood of constipation or other gastrointestinal issues.
Prekese is often called a wonder fruit due to its immense medicinal properties and practical health benefits in curing many diseases.
As per a study, it was found that prekese extracts are effective in neutralizing free radicals like DPPH and Nitric oxide. These extracts also protect a few important enzymes from oxidative damage. They help protect against toxic metals’ harmful effects by reducing oxidative stress. It is, for sure, a promising source of natural antioxidants. [13]
14. Antihypertensive Effects
Prekese has a role in lowering high blood pressure. Bioactive components present in the plant are effective in treating chronic ailments. In the water-based extract of Tetrapleura tetraptera, compounds like flavonoids, cardiac glycosides, phenols, and terpenoids are found. These compounds have medicinal properties like antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antihypertensive. [14]
Side Effects and Precautions
| Potential Side Effect | Precaution |
|---|---|
| Allergic Reactions | Test on a small area before extensive use |
| Interaction with Medications | Consult with a healthcare provider |
| Gastrointestinal Issues | Use in moderation if you have a sensitive stomach |
| Pregnancy and Breastfeeding | Seek medical advice before use |
| Excessive Consumption | Avoid overuse to prevent potential toxicity |
| Skin Irritation | Discontinue use if irritation occurs |
Key Facts About Prekese (Tetrapleura Tetraptera)
- Origin: Native to West Africa
- Family: Fabaceae family
- Tree Appearance: Medium-sized tree, up to 20-25 meters tall
- Leaves: Compound with small, oblong leaflets
- Flowers: Small, pinkish flowers
- Fruits: Brown, ribbed pods with a strong, aromatic scent
- Culinary Use: Used as a spice and flavoring in soups and stews
- Health Benefits: Traditionally used to support immune health, manage diabetes, and reduce inflammation
- Nutrition: Contains iron, calcium, potassium, and antioxidants
- Cultivation: Thrives in tropical climates with well-drained soil
- Propagation: Typically grown from seeds
- Traditional Uses: Used in folk medicine and as an insect repellent
Prekese FAQ
What does Prekese do for the body?
Some of the well-known benefits of Prekese are –
- Prevents post-partum contraction in new mothers
- Helps in preventing growth of bacteria
- Helps in some types of ulcers
- It is often used as anti-microbial
- It also helps in reducing hypertension
- Helps in managing asthma
- Aidan fruit also helps to promote proper blood flow
What is Prekese called in English?
Prekese is called Aidan fruit in English.
Can a pregnant woman take prekese?
No, Prekese, also popularly known as Aidan fruit, should not be taken by pregnant women at all costs. It can cause pregnancy loss or miscarriage due to preterm uterine contractions.
Is Prekese an immune booster?
Yes, Prekese is known for its immune-boosting properties. The Aidan fruit has high Flavonoid content and is highly antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. This helps boost the immune system.
What does Prekese contain?
Prekese contains phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, terpenoids, steroids, saponins, sugars, and amino acids.
How is Prekese used in cooking?
In cooking, prekese is used as a spice in soups and stews. It provides a unique flavor to the food.
Where can I buy Prekese?
Prekese is generally available in African grocery stores, herbal medicine shops, and online marketplaces.
Conclusion
Prekese, or Tetrapleura tetraptera, is a treasure trove of health benefits, from managing diabetes and hypertension to offering antimicrobial and wound healing properties. Its rich nutritional profile and potent antioxidant, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory effects make it an invaluable addition to traditional and modern medicine. Embracing Prekese in your diet or as a natural remedy unlocks a path to improved health and well-being.
References
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Maroua, Maroua, Cameroon – https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4576802/
- NCBI Labs – https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/articles/16372367/
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria – https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2816426/
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana – https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6895743/
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria – https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2816426/
- Emmanuel Anyachukwu Irondi, Ganiyu Oboh, Samson Olalekan Agboola, Aline Augusti Boligon, Margareth Linde Athayde – http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213453015000567
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana – https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6895743/
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa – https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15507333
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria – https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2816426/
- Lin Lin, Kwabena Agyemang, Mohamed Abdel-Shafi Abdel-Samie, Haiying Cui – https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/jfs.12693
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety of Agro-food Products, TERRA, Gembloux AgroBio-Tech, Liege University, Gembloux, Belgium – https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7376214/
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang P.O. Box 96, Cameroon – https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10045632/
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 1364, Yaounde, Cameroon – https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4556075/
- Department Human Anatomy, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria – https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8562241/
